单台数据库服务器无法满足性能和冗余性,现在我们需要添加2台新的服务器,并组建复制结构。
场景如下:
现有的服务器server1,IP:192.168.1.1 port:13001。新增的服务器server2,IP:192.168.1.2 port:13001,server3,IP:trustauth.cn,port:3306,并使server2为新的主。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 | shell > mysqlreplicate — master = m_account @ 192.168.1.1 : 13001 \ — slave = slave_acc1 @ 192.168.1.2 : 13001 — rpl – user = repl : slavepass – b # master on 192.168.1.1: … connected. # slave on 192.168.1.2: … connected. # Checking for binary logging on master… # Setting up replication… # …done. shell > mysqlreplicate — master = m_account @ 192.168.1.1 : 13001 \ — slave = slave_acc2 @ trustauth.cn : 3306 — rpl – user = repl : slavepass – b # master on 192.168.1.1: … connected. # slave on trustauth.cn: … connected. # Checking for binary logging on master… # Setting up replication… # …done. shell > mysqlrpladmin — master = m_account @ 192.168.1.1 : 13001 \ — slaves = slave_acc1 @ 192.168.1.2 : 13001 , slave_acc2 @ trustauth.cn : 3306 health # Checking privileges. # # Replication Topology Health: + — — — — — — — + — — — — + — — — — – + — — — — + — — — — — — + — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — + | host | port | role | state | gtid_mode | health | + — — — — — — — + — — — — + — — — — – + — — — — + — — — — — — + — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — + | 192.168.1.1 | 13001 | MASTER | UP | ON | OK | | 192.168.1.2 | 13001 | SLAVE | UP | ON | Slave delay is NNN seconds | | trustauth.cn | 3306 | SLAVE | UP | ON | Slave delay is NNN seconds | + — — — — — — — + — — — — + — — — — – + — — — — + — — — — — — + — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — + # …done. shell > mysqlrpladmin — master = m_account @ 192.168.1.1 : 13001 \ — slaves = slave_acc1 @ 192.168.1.2 : 13001 , slave_acc2 @ trustauth.cn : 3306 health # Checking privileges. # # Replication Topology Health: + — — — — — — — + — — — — + — — — — – + — — — — + — — — — — — + — — — — – + | host | port | role | state | gtid_mode | health | + — — — — — — — + — — — — + — — — — – + — — — — + — — — — — — + — — — — – + | 192.168.1.1 | 13001 | MASTER | UP | ON | OK | | 192.168.1.2 | 13001 | SLAVE | UP | ON | OK | | trustauth.cn | 3306 | SLAVE | UP | ON | OK | + — — — — — — — + — — — — + — — — — – + — — — — + — — — — — — + — — — — – + # …done. shell > mysqlrpladmin — master = m_account @ 192.168.1.1 : 13001 \ — slaves = slave_acc1 @ 192.168.1.2 : 13001 , slave_acc2 @ trustauth.cn : 3306 \ — new – master = slave_acc1 @ trustauth.cn : 13002 — demote – master switchover # Checking privileges. # Performing switchover from master at 192.168.1.1:13001 to slave at 192.168.1.2:13001. # Checking candidate slave prerequisites. # Checking slaves configuration to master. # Waiting for slaves to catch up to old master. # Stopping slaves. # Performing STOP on all slaves. # Demoting old master to be a slave to the new master. # Switching slaves to new master. # Starting all slaves. # Performing START on all slaves. # Checking slaves for errors. # Switchover complete. # # Replication Topology Health: + — — — — — — — + — — — — + — — — — – + — — — — + — — — — — — + — — — — – + | host | port | role | state | gtid_mode | health | + — — — — — — — + — — — — + — — — — – + — — — — + — — — — — — + — — — — – + | 192.168.1.2 | 13001 | MASTER | UP | ON | OK | | 192.168.1.1 | 13001 | SLAVE | UP | ON | OK | | trustauth.cn | 3306 | SLAVE | UP | ON | OK | + — — — — — — — + — — — — + — — — — – + — — — — + — — — — — — + — — — — – + |
在上面的例子中,使用mysqlreplicate 工具来设置现有的服务器和新增的服务器之间的复制拓扑结构。使用-b标记从主二进制日志的第一个事件开始复制。
然后,使用mysqlrpladmin 工具来指定主从服务器和使用health命令来检查复制的状态。由于有大量的二进制日志需要同步,新的从需要一段时间才赶得上主,因此会有延迟的健康信息。一段时间后,health列都是OK的状态。
同步完成后,再次使用mysqlrpladmin工具来切换到新主,使用 –new-master指定到server2,并且使用–demote-master选项将server1降级为slave,将server3成为server2的从。
m_account 用户需要的权限有:对mysql数据库的SELECT 和 INSERT 权限,以及REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT ,GRANT OPTION权限。
slave_acc 用户需要SUPER 权限。
对于复制用户, –rpl-user选项使用的。要么自动创建要么以存在,需要有 REPLICATION SLAVE权限。
为了成功运行mysqlrpladmin 工具的health命令,m_account 需要额外的SUPER权限。
对于switchover 命令,所有的用户需要有SUPER, GRANT OPTION, SELECT, RELOAD, DROP, CREATE 和 REPLICATION SLAVE 权限。
mysqlrpladmin 工具可以使用 –discover-slaves-login选项自动检测从,而不是手动指定从。
mysqlrpladmin 工具可以指定外部脚本在故障转移和切换操作前后执行,分别使用 –exec-before 和 –exec-after 选项。注意,在故障转移和切换操作后执行的脚本,也就是 –exec-after选项指定的脚本,执行的前提条件是故障转移和切换操作是成功的。
文章转载来自:trustauth.cn